Estimación de carbono a nivel árbol individual en bosque natural mediante vehículos aéreos no tripulados (VANT)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.60.11Palavras-chave:
Teledetección, Contenido de carbono, modelo de altura de dosel, OBIA, VANTResumo
El uso de los vehículos aéreos no tripulados (VANT) ha ido en aumento en los últimos años en el ámbito forestal con aplicaciones como estimación de variables dendrométricas, biomasa aérea y contenido de carbono. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo estimar el contenido de carbono mediante Vehículos Aéreos No Tripulados (VANT) a nivel de árbol individual en bosques templados de la Sierra Madre Occidental en México. A partir de modelos digitales de terreno (MDT) y superficie (MDS) se generó un modelo de altura de dosel (CHM) como base para la estimación de alturas, geolocalización e identificación de árboles usando el paquete ForestTools de RStudio evaluando tres combinaciones de parámetros del algoritmo de filtro de ventana variable (VWF). Además, se realizó un reconocimiento de especies mediante OBIA. Finalmente, se realizó una predicción de biomasa y contenido de carbono usando ecuaciones alométricas. Los resultados mostraron una alta concordancia en la identificación y conteo de árboles (96.10%) con la combinación de 0.05 + 0.6 en los parámetros del algoritmo de VWF. El análisis mostró una correlación de 0.93 y 0.76 y un R2 de 0.87 y 0.58 para alturas y diámetros respectivamente, además un índice Kappa de 0.92 en reconocimiento de especies. Comparando las estimaciones de carbono entre el método tradicional y el uso de VANT, se observó una correlación de 0.74 y un R2 de 0.55, evidenciando una relación moderada entre ambos métodos. Los resultados muestran la viabilidad de los VANT para la estimación de carbono en bosques.
Referências
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FAO. (2021, October). Marco estratégico para 2022-2031. https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/b9ad3bb8-39c5-447f-8eec-6a333e003cf7
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Hernando, A., Puerto, L., Mola-Yudego, B., Manzanera, J., Abril, A., Maltamo, M., & Valbuena, R. (2019). Estimation of forest biomass components using airborne LiDAR and multispectral sensors. IForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, 12, 207–213. https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor2735-012
Hinojosa-Espinoza, S. I., Gallardo-Salazar, J. L., Hinojosa-Espinoza, F. J. C., & Meléndez-Soto, A. (2021). Evaluation of segmentation parameters in OBIA for classification of land covers from UAV images. Revista de Teledetección, 2021(58), 89–103. https://doi.org/10.4995/RAET.2021.14782
Islami, M. M., Rusolono, T., Setiawan, Y., Rahadian, A., Hudjimartsu, S. A., & Prasetyo, L. B. (2021). Height, diameter and tree canopy cover estimation based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery with various acquisition height . Media Konservasi, 26(1 SE-Research Articles), 17–27. https://doi.org/10.29244/medkon.26.1.17-27
Jayathunga, S., Owari, T., & Tsuyuki, S. (2018). The use of fixed–wing UAV photogrammetry with LiDAR DTM to estimate merchantable volume and carbon stock in living biomass over a mixed conifer–broadleaf forest. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 73, 767–777. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JAG.2018.08.017
Ke, Y., & Quackenbush, L. J. (2011). A review of methods for automatic individual tree-crown detection and delineation from passive remote sensing. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 32(17), 4725–4747. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2010.494184
Komárek, J., Klouček, T., & Prošek, J. (2018). The potential of Unmanned Aerial Systems: A tool towards precision classification of hard-to-distinguish vegetation types? International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 71, 9–19. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2018.05.003
Kwong, I. H. Y., & Fung, T. (2020). Tree height mapping and crown delineation using LiDAR, large format aerial photographs, and unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry in subtropical urban forest. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 41(14), 5228–5256. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2020.1731002
Li, Z., Zan, Q., Yang, Q., Zhu, D., Chen, Y., & Yu, S. (2019). Remote Estimation of Mangrove Aboveground Carbon Stock at the Species Level Using a Low-Cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicle System. Remote Sensing 2019, Vol. 11, Page 1018, 11(9), 1018. https://doi.org/10.3390/RS11091018
Mohan, M., Silva, C. A., Klauberg, C., Jat, P., Catts, G., Cardil, A., Hudak, A. T., & Dia, M. (2017). Individual Tree Detection from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Derived Canopy Height Model in an Open Canopy Mixed Conifer Forest. Forests, 8(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/f8090340
Morales, E. A. F., Calderón, O. A. A., Barraza, G. Q., Tagle, M. A. G., & Pérez, J. J. (2019). Estimación del diámetro normal, altura y volumen de Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl. en función del diámetro del tocón. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Forestales, 10(55). https://doi.org/10.29298/RMCF.V10I55.547
Nanos, N., & Sjöstedt de Luna, S. (2017). Fitting diameter distribution models to data from forest inventories with concentric plot design. Forest Systems, 26(2 SE-SPECIAL SECTION MEDITERRANEAN SILVICULTURE: HOMAGE TO GREGORIO MONTERO), e01S. https://doi.org/10.5424/fs/2017262-10486
Nasiri, V., Darvishsefat, A. A., Arefi, H., Pierrot-Deseilligny, M., Namiranian, M., & Le Bris, A. (2021). Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)-based canopy height modeling under leaf-on and leaf-off conditions for determining tree height and crown diameter (case study: Hyrcanian mixed forest). Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 51(7), 962–971. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2020-0125
Nesbit, P. R., & Hugenholtz, C. H. (2019). Enhancing UAV–SfM 3D Model Accuracy in High-Relief Landscapes by Incorporating Oblique Images. Remote Sensing 2019, Vol. 11, Page 239, 11(3), 239. https://doi.org/10.3390/RS11030239
Novo-Fernández, A., Franks, S., Wehenkel, C., López-Serrano, P. M., Molinier, M., & López-Sánchez, C. A. (2018). Landsat time series analysis for temperate forest cover change detection in the Sierra Madre Occidental, Durango, Mexico. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 73, 230–244. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2018.06.015
Ortiz, D., Hernandez, F., & Hernandez, F. (2019). Análisis de la influencia de los puntos de control terrestre en la exactitud posicional de ortofotomosaicos generados por medio de un vuelo fotogramétrico realizado por un vehículo aéreo no tripulado (VANT). Revista de Topografía AZIMUT, 10(1 SE-Artículos). https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/azimut/article/view/14972
Palacios-Cruz, D., De Los Santos-Posadas, H. M., Ángeles-Pérez, G., Fierros, A., & Santiago-García, W. (2020). Sistema de crecimiento y rendimiento para evaluar sumideros de carbono en bosques de Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. et Cham. bajo aprovechamiento forestal. Agrociencia, 45, 241–257.
Pino V., E. (2019). Los drones una herramienta para una agricultura eficiente: un futuro de alta tecnología. Idesia (Arica), 37, 75–84.
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2025-07-15
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Estimación de carbono a nivel árbol individual en bosque natural mediante vehículos aéreos no tripulados (VANT). (2025). POLIBOTÁNICA, 60. https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.60.11
