Medium-term in vitro conservation of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews | Orchidaceae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.57.8Keywords:
Abscisic acid, Chlormequat chloride, Reduced growthAbstract
Vanilla planifolia Andrews is a species subject to ecological, biological, social, and economic pressures that are affecting its cultivation, natural populations, genetic diversity, and viability, therefore, it is necessary to create conservation strategies that implicate the development of novel, viable, and affordable technological tools such as medium-term in vitro conservation using growth inhibitors, these compounds delay growth, allowing longer intervals between subcultures, reducing costs maintaining the capacity to reactivate or recover growth rates when it´s needed.
In Mexico, scientific research on medium-term in vitro cultivation an conservation of Vanilla is scarece, and there are no reports about effects of interaction between abscisic acid (ABA) and chlormequat chloride (CCC). In this sense, the present study is aimed to determine the effect of the interaction of different concentrations of ABA (0, 1.5, 3 mg L-1) and CCC (0, 1, 2, 4, 6 mg L-1) added to medium Murashige & Skoog (MS) at 75% on morphogenesis and survival percentage in the in vitro culture of Vanilla planifolia Andrews, culturing microshoots of 1.5 cm length for a period of 200 days, after which the total length of the seedlings, number of shoots, leaves, roots, and survival percentage were evaluated.
In the treatments, symptoms of calcium deficiency were found in treatment 04, while nitrogen deficiency symptoms due to nutrient depletion in the culture medium were observed in the Control treat. The rest of the treatments did not generate negative effects on the phenotype of the seedlings. The lowest values were observed in treatment 14, mean of 1.80 cm total length, 0.27 shoots, 1.83 leaves, and 1.50 roots, and a survival rate of 72%. On the other hand, treatment 12 had the best characteristics, showing no morphological anomalies and high survival rates, with 1.90 cm total length, 0.44 shoots, 1.88 leaves, 1.64 roots, and a 100% survival rate. Additionally it is statistically similar to treatment 14, indicating that the combination of regulators had a synergistic effect, allowing for medium-term in vitro conservation of Vanilla planifolia. Therefore, it can be considered as a tool for establishing in vitro germplasm banks.
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