Embriogénesis somática de <i>Agave salmiana</i> Otto ex Salm-Dyck subsp. <i>salmiana</i> usando embriones cigóticos obtenidos por polinización In-casa como explantes

Resumen

El uso de la embriogénesis somática puede ser una alternativa para producir rápidamente un gran número de plántulas somáticas de Agave salmianaOtto ex Salm-Dyck subsp. salmiana, en menor tiempo y bajo costo; sin embargo, la viabilidad y el éxito de este método dependen del tipo de explante utilizado y del uso de reguladores. En este sentido, el presente trabajo de investigación evaluó el uso de embriones cigóticos obtenidos por polinización in-casa como explantes. Después de 30-40 días de polinización en casa de Agave salmianaOtto ex Salm-Dyck subsp. salmianase formaron un total de 89 frutos, de los cuales se rescataron in vitro 1608 embriones cigóticos. Se obtuvieron embriones somáticos de los embriones cigóticos rescatados, previa formación de callos embriogénicos al 44,4% con medio nutritivo (MS) de Murashige y Skoog, suplementado con vitaminas L2, 9 μM de la auxina 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético (2,4-D) y 1,3 μM de la citoquinina 6-6 bencilaminopurina (BAP). Los callos se utilizaron en dos experimentos con las auxinas 2,4-D y el ácido α-naftalenoacético (NAA) en combinación con la citoquinina BAP. Después de 40 días de incubación, se observó que se generó una gran cantidad de embriones y callos embriogénicos utilizando 4,5-9,0 μM de 2,4-D en combinación con 0,4-1,3 μM de BAP. Después de 60 días de incubación, el porcentaje de germinación de embriones somáticos fue superior al 70% en todos los tratamientos, con una tasa de supervivencia superior al 95% en 21 días. La polinización in-casa permite la generación de embriones cigóticos viables, permitiendo su uso como explantes en la embriogénesis somática, ayudando a la conservación genética de plantas de Agave.

Citas

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Publicado
2023-07-04
Cómo citar
Angeles-Vázquez, B., Álvarez Cervantes, J., Tovar Jiménez, X., & Rodríguez Garay, B. (2023). Embriogénesis somática de <i>Agave salmiana</i> Otto ex Salm-Dyck subsp. <i>salmiana</i&gt; usando embriones cigóticos obtenidos por polinización In-casa como explantes. POLIBOTÁNICA, (56). https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.56.9
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